NEET-UG Biology · Class 11
Endomembrane system - ER, Golgi, lysosome, vacuole — NEET & JEE Questions
Endomembrane system - ER, Golgi, lysosome, vacuole is a topic in Cell: The Unit of Life, a Class 11 Biology chapter of the NEET-UG syllabus. TestBudy holds 12 published NEET-UG questions on Endomembrane system - ER, Golgi, lysosome, vacuole, each with the marking scheme of the real paper.
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Endomembrane system - ER, Golgi, lysosome, vacuole MCQs with solutions
10 of the 12 published questions on this topic, exactly as they appear in a test. Answers and worked solutions come with your result rather than on this page.
Which organelle modifies, sorts and packages materials received from the endoplasmic reticulum?
- A. Golgi apparatus
- B. Mitochondrion
- C. Ribosome
- D. Centrosome
What is the main functional difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
- A. Rough ER bears ribosomes, while smooth ER lacks them
- B. Smooth ER contains DNA, while rough ER does not
- C. Rough ER produces ATP, while smooth ER produces RNA
- D. Smooth ER is outside the cytoplasm
Why are lysosomes often described as intracellular digestive compartments?
- A. They contain hydrolytic enzymes capable of breaking down macromolecules
- B. They synthesise ribosomal RNA
- C. They generate ATP by oxidative phosphorylation
- D. They store genetic information
Which organelles are commonly considered parts of the endomembrane system?
- A. Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and vacuoles
- B. Mitochondria and chloroplasts only
- C. Ribosomes and centrosomes only
- D. Nucleus and chromosome only
A secreted protein is synthesised on membrane-bound ribosomes. Which pathway most directly describes its movement before release from the cell?
- A. Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → secretory vesicle
- B. Golgi apparatus → nucleus → mitochondrion
- C. Smooth ER → lysosome → nucleolus
- D. Ribosome → centrosome → plasma membrane
A cell synthesises a protein for secretion outside the cell. Which route best describes its early movement?
- A. Rough ER → transport vesicles → Golgi apparatus
- B. Smooth ER → nucleus → mitochondrion
- C. Lysosome → ribosome → chloroplast
- D. Vacuole → centrosome → nucleus
A cell specialises in synthesising steroid hormones. Which organelle is expected to be especially well developed?
- A. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- B. Rough ER only
- C. Lysosome
- D. Nucleolus only
A digestive enzyme is enclosed in an acidic intracellular compartment that breaks down worn-out cell components. This compartment is a
- A. lysosome
- B. ribosome
- C. centriole
- D. nucleolus
A cell contains abundant rough ER, a well-developed Golgi apparatus and many secretory vesicles. Which activity is the cell most likely specialised for?
- A. Export of proteins
- B. Rapid chromosome segregation
- C. Photosynthesis
- D. Movement by cilia
The Golgi apparatus receives proteins from the ER and then primarily
- A. modifies, sorts and packages them for different destinations
- B. replicates nuclear DNA
- C. performs oxidative phosphorylation
- D. forms spindle fibres
Common mistakes in Endomembrane system - ER, Golgi, lysosome, vacuole
Recorded against questions in this topic that are not shown above, so none of these points at an answer you can see on this page.
- Assigns ribosomal or chloroplast functions to the vacuole.
- Assumes endomembrane trafficking defects primarily affect unrelated mitochondrial or cytoskeletal processes.
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