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NEET-UG Biology · Class 12

Gene frequencies and Hardy-Weinberg problems — NEET & JEE Questions

Gene frequencies and Hardy-Weinberg problems is a topic in Evolution, a Class 12 Biology chapter of the NEET-UG syllabus. TestBudy holds 13 published NEET-UG questions on Gene frequencies and Hardy-Weinberg problems, each with the marking scheme of the real paper.

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Gene frequencies and Hardy-Weinberg problems MCQs with solutions

10 of the 13 published questions on this topic, exactly as they appear in a test. Answers and worked solutions come with your result rather than on this page.

  1. Question 1 · difficulty L1 · recall

    A random change in allele frequency strongest in small populations:

    • A. mutation repair
    • B. genetic drift
    • C. gene flow
    • D. natural selection only

  2. Question 2 · difficulty L1 · recall

    Establishment of a new population by a small number of individuals causing altered allele frequencies:

    • A. stabilising selection
    • B. founder effect
    • C. adaptive radiation
    • D. convergent evolution

  3. Question 3 · difficulty L2 · understanding

    Movement of alleles between populations through migration and reproduction:

    • A. gene flow
    • B. mutation only
    • C. genetic drift
    • D. isolation

  4. Question 4 · difficulty L2 · understanding

    The expression for genotype frequencies in a two-allele Hardy-Weinberg population:

    • A. p + q + r = 0
    • B. p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
    • C. p^2 - q^2 = 1
    • D. 2p + 2q = 1

  5. Question 5 · difficulty L2 · understanding

    For a locus with two alleles A and a having frequencies p and q, the Hardy-Weinberg relation requires

    • A. p+q=1p+q=1
    • B. p−q=1p-q=1
    • C. pq=1pq=1
    • D. p2+q2=1p^2+q^2=1 only

  6. Question 6 · difficulty L3 · application

    If the frequency of allele A is 0.7 in a two-allele population, what is the frequency of allele a?

    • A. 0.3
    • B. 0.7
    • C. 0.49
    • D. 0.21

  7. Question 7 · difficulty L3 · application

    Under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, if p = 0.6 and q = 0.4, what is the expected heterozygote frequency?

    • A. 0.48
    • B. 0.24
    • C. 0.36
    • D. 0.16

  8. Question 8 · difficulty L3 · application

    Under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, if q = 0.2, what is the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals?

    • A. 0.04
    • B. 0.20
    • C. 0.32
    • D. 0.64

  9. Question 9 · difficulty L3 · application

    In a Hardy-Weinberg population, a recessive phenotype occurs in 9% of individuals. What is the recessive allele frequency q?

    • A. 0.3
    • B. 0.09
    • C. 0.7
    • D. 0.91

  10. Question 10 · difficulty L4 · application

    A recessive phenotype appears in 16% of a Hardy-Weinberg population. What fraction is expected to be heterozygous?

    • A. 0.48
    • B. 0.16
    • C. 0.64
    • D. 0.32

Common mistakes in Gene frequencies and Hardy-Weinberg problems

Recorded against questions in this topic that are not shown above, so none of these points at an answer you can see on this page.

  • Assigns p and q directly as homozygote frequencies.
  • Selects an equilibrium assumption rather than a force that violates it.
  • Uses 1% as the carrier frequency instead of the homozygous recessive frequency.

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