NEET-UG Biology · Class 11
How hormones act on target cells — NEET & JEE Questions
How hormones act on target cells is a topic in Chemical Coordination and Integration, a Class 11 Biology chapter of the NEET-UG syllabus. TestBudy holds 13 published NEET-UG questions on How hormones act on target cells, each with the marking scheme of the real paper. The ideas it examines include Hormones that act from the cell surface, Hormones that enter the cell and switch genes.
- questions
- 13
- shown here
- 10
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Key formulas and concepts
The ideas How hormones act on target cells is examined on, as they are tagged in the syllabus tree.
- Hormones that act from the cell surface
- Hormones that enter the cell and switch genes
How hormones act on target cells MCQs with solutions
10 of the 13 published questions on this topic, exactly as they appear in a test. Answers and worked solutions come with your result rather than on this page.
Steroid hormones commonly act through:
- A. DNA replication without receptors
- B. cell-wall receptors only
- C. ribosomes as surface receptors
- D. intracellular receptors regulating gene expression
What makes a cell a target cell for a particular hormone?
- A. It possesses receptors specific to that hormone
- B. It is physically closest to the endocrine gland
- C. It contains more mitochondria than other cells
- D. It is always supplied by a separate artery
Why can a peptide hormone usually not act by directly binding DNA inside the nucleus?
- A. It contains no chemical bonds
- B. It generally cannot cross the lipid bilayer freely and acts through membrane receptors
- C. It is destroyed by every target cell
- D. It can act only on red blood cells
Which receptor location is most typical for steroid hormones?
- A. Inside the blood plasma
- B. Only on the outer cell wall
- C. Inside the target cell
- D. Only on red blood cells
A hormone affects only certain cells mainly because target cells possess
- A. specific receptors for that hormone
- B. more DNA than other cells
- C. no plasma membrane
- D. identical receptors for every hormone
A hormone reaches two tissues through the bloodstream, but only tissue X responds. Tissue Y is otherwise healthy. What best explains the difference?
- A. Hormones can act on only one tissue in the entire body
- B. Only tissue X receives blood
- C. Tissue Y contains no proteins
- D. Tissue X has the appropriate hormone receptor and tissue Y does not
A membrane-bound hormone receptor is activated and causes formation of an intracellular second messenger. What is the second messenger's main role?
- A. To relay and amplify the signal inside the cell
- B. To transport the hormone through blood
- C. To digest the receptor
- D. To convert the target cell into an endocrine gland
A steroid hormone enters a target cell and binds its receptor. Which downstream event is most consistent with this mechanism?
- A. Direct breakdown of extracellular collagen
- B. Immediate filtration of blood at the glomerulus
- C. Release of neurotransmitter from every synapse
- D. Regulation of transcription of specific genes
A peptide hormone cannot readily cross the plasma membrane. How does it usually initiate a response?
- A. By binding a cell-surface receptor and activating intracellular signalling
- B. By directly binding nuclear DNA without a receptor
- C. By becoming part of the lipid bilayer permanently
- D. By entering mitochondria through diffusion
Cell P responds to a water-soluble hormone through a membrane receptor, while cell Q responds to a lipid-soluble hormone through an intracellular receptor. Which distinction is most appropriate?
- A. P must always respond more slowly than Q
- B. P commonly uses intracellular signalling intermediates; Q can directly alter gene expression through its receptor complex
- C. Q cannot influence protein synthesis
- D. Both hormones must use identical receptors
Common mistakes in How hormones act on target cells
Recorded against questions in this topic that are not shown above, so none of these points at an answer you can see on this page.
- Assuming normal hormone concentration guarantees normal hormone action.
- Assumes steroid hormones act only through surface second messengers.
- Assumes hormone concentration alone determines whether any cell responds.
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