Angiosperms and plant life cycles - haplontic to diplontic — NEET & JEE Questions

Question 1 · difficulty L1 · recall

In angiosperms, the dominant plant body belongs to which generation?

• A. Sporophyte
• B. Gametophyte
• C. Protonema
• D. Prothallus

Question 2 · difficulty L2 · understanding

Match List-I with List-II. List - I List - II A Pteridophyte I Salvia B Bryophyte II Ginkgo C Angiosperm III Polytrichum D Gymnosperm IV Salvinia Choose the option with all correct matches.

• A. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
• B. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
• C. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
• D. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

Question 3 · difficulty L2 · understanding

What defines a diplontic life cycle?

• A. The diploid sporophyte is the dominant free-living phase and the haploid phase is represented mainly by gametes
• B. The haploid gametophyte is the only free-living phase
• C. Both generations are equally dominant and morphologically identical
• D. The organism lacks meiosis entirely

Question 4 · difficulty L2 · understanding

In an angiosperm, the male and female gametophytes are, respectively,

• A. the anther and the ovary
• B. the stamen and the carpel
• C. the pollen grain and the embryo sac
• D. the microspore mother cell and the megaspore mother cell

Question 5 · difficulty L3 · application

A plant has a dominant diploid body, while its male gametophyte is reduced to a pollen grain and its female gametophyte develops within the ovule. Which group does this description most strongly indicate?

• A. Angiosperms
• B. Bryophytes
• C. Most green algae
• D. Pteridophytes

Question 6 · difficulty L3 · application

In an angiosperm, one male gamete fuses with the egg and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei. What are the ploidy levels of the two products?

• A. Zygote diploid; primary endosperm nucleus diploid
• B. Zygote haploid; primary endosperm nucleus triploid
• C. Zygote triploid; primary endosperm nucleus diploid
• D. Zygote diploid; primary endosperm nucleus triploid

Question 7 · difficulty L3 · application

In a green alga, the zygote is the only diploid stage; it undergoes meiosis to restore the free-living haploid plant. Which type of life cycle is this, and which organism shows it?

• A. Haplontic; Spirogyra
• B. Diplontic; Fucus
• C. Haplo-diplontic; Ectocarpus
• D. Haplontic; Polysiphonia

Question 8 · difficulty L3 · application

In which of the following does the diploid sporophyte dominate the life cycle while the gametophyte is represented by only a single or a few cells?

• A. Bryophytes such as Funaria
• B. All seed-bearing plants and the brown alga Fucus
• C. Pteridophytes such as Dryopteris
• D. Green algae such as Volvox

Question 9 · difficulty L4 · application

In bryophytes and in pteridophytes the life cycle is haplo-diplontic, yet the two groups differ. Which statement correctly gives the difference?

• A. In bryophytes the sporophyte is dominant and free-living; in pteridophytes the gametophyte is dominant
• B. Both have a dominant gametophyte; the difference is only in the size of the sporophyte
• C. In bryophytes the gametophyte is dominant and the sporophyte depends on it; in pteridophytes the sporophyte is dominant and the gametophyte is a free-living but short-lived prothallus
• D. In bryophytes there is no sporophyte at all

Question 10 · difficulty L4 · application

An angiosperm is described as having two cotyledons, reticulate venation and a tap root. A second angiosperm has one cotyledon, parallel venation and fibrous roots. A third plant is the smallest known angiosperm. Which option correctly names the classes of the first two and the third plant?

• A. Monocotyledons; dicotyledons; Eucalyptus
• B. Dicotyledons; monocotyledons; Eucalyptus
• C. Gymnosperms; angiosperms; Wolffia
• D. Dicotyledons; monocotyledons; Wolffia